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Topic · Molecular Biology

Pineapple and bromelain studies

Pineapple and bromelain studies is a research topic within Molecular Biology. Science Explorer counts 9.1k research works in it since 1950. 10.2% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the biochemistry, pharmacology, and medical applications of bromelain, a protease enzyme found in pineapple. The research covers topics such as extraction methods, purification strategies, therapeutic potential in treating conditions like osteoarthritis and cancer, anti-inflammatory effects, and industrial applications. Clinical studies and in vitro experiments demonstrate its potential as an anti-cancer agent and its ability to reduce inflammation.

  • Bromelain
  • Pineapple
  • Protease
  • Therapeutic Application
  • Extraction
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Enzyme
  • Cancer
  • Purification
  • Clinical Studies
Research works
9.1k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
932
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.2%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+21%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
Indonesia
30% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Pineapple and bromelain studies

Which countries lead Pineapple and bromelain studies research?

By volume, Indonesia and Brazil publish the most (517 and 328 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Indonesia 517 works
  2. 2 Brazil 328 works
  3. 3 India 312 works
  4. 4 China 197 works
  5. 5 United States 98 works
  6. 6 Malaysia 84 works
  7. 7 Mexico 55 works
  8. 8 Türkiye 51 works
  9. 9 Nigeria 47 works
  10. 10 Italy 46 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

Indonesia: 29.8%Brazil: 18.9%India: 17.9%China: 11.4%6 others listed: 22.0%30%largest
Indonesia517 · 29.8%Brazil328 · 18.9%India312 · 17.9%China197 · 11.4%6 others listed382 · 22.0%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Pineapple and bromelain studies research?

By volume in 2022-now, Indian Council of Agricultural Research publishes the most Pineapple and bromelain studies research, followed by Lampung University and IPB University.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Indian Council of Agricultural ResearchIndia 27 works
  2. 2 Lampung UniversityIndonesia 24 works
  3. 3 IPB UniversityIndonesia 18 works
  4. 4 Universiti Teknologi MARAMalaysia 16 works
  5. 5 Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahMalaysia 15 works
  6. 6 Brazilian Agricultural Research CorporationBrazil 14 works
  7. 7 Universitas Gadjah MadaIndonesia 14 works
  8. 8 Padjadjaran UniversityIndonesia 13 works
  9. 9 Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChina 13 works
  10. 10 Universitas Sumatera UtaraIndonesia 12 works

Who are the leading researchers in Pineapple and bromelain studies?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Pineapple and bromelain studies include Hongjie Dai and Gregg L. Semenza.

  1. 1 Hongjie Dai United States 189k citations
  2. 2 Gregg L. Semenza United States 159k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Pineapple and bromelain studies?

The most cited paper in Pineapple and bromelain studies is "A review of chitin and chitosan applications" (Majeti N. V. Ravi Kumar, 2000), with 6,029 citations. Next come "Chitosan as Antimicrobial Agent: Applications and Mode of Action" (3,103) and "The hydrolysis of rabbit γ-globulin and antibodies with crystalline papain" (2,310).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 A review of chitin and chitosan applications Majeti N. V. Ravi Kumar · Reactive and Functional Polymers Nov 2000 6,029
2 Chitosan as Antimicrobial Agent: Applications and Mode of Action Entsar I. Rabea, Mohamed E. I. Badawy, Christian V. Stevens et al. · Biomacromolecules 3 Sep 2003 3,103
3 The hydrolysis of rabbit γ-globulin and antibodies with crystalline papain Roy Porter · Biochemical Journal Open access Sep 1959 2,310
4 Food applications of chitin and chitosans Fereidoon Shahidi, Janak Kamil Vidana Arachchi, You‐Jin Jeon · Trends in Food Science & Technology Feb 1999 1,825
5 A critical evaluation of nanopesticides and nanofertilizers against their conventional analogues Mélanie Kah, Rai S. Kookana, Alexander Gogos et al. · Nature Nanotechnology 4 May 2018 1,322
All 101 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Pineapple and bromelain studies research done?

The largest centres of Pineapple and bromelain studies research in 2022-now are Jakarta (Indonesia), Medan (Indonesia), Bandar Lampung (Indonesia) and São Paulo (Brazil). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Bandar Lampung.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 JakartaIndonesia 43 works
  2. 2 MedanIndonesia 36 works
  3. 3 Bandar LampungIndonesia 35 works
  4. 4 São PauloBrazil 33 works
  5. 5 BandungIndonesia 31 works
  6. 6 YogyakartaIndonesia 29 works
  7. 7 BogorIndonesia 25 works
  8. 8 SurabayaIndonesia 24 works
  9. 9 BeijingChina 23 works
  10. 10 MalangIndonesia 22 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. Bandar LampungID · 35.5 works10×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Pineapple and bromelain studies than the world average.

See Pineapple and bromelain studies on the map

Where is the best place to study Pineapple and bromelain studies?

Among universities, judged by research, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Universiti Putra Malaysia and Lampung University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%5%10%mean 5.17%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Universiti Putra Mal…Universiti Malaysia …Padjadjaran UniversityLampung University
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahMalaysia 74.69.8%33.4×15 +83.7%
2Universiti Putra MalaysiaMalaysia 70.511.4%9.5×10 -2.1%
3Lampung UniversityIndonesia 50.30.0%20.6×24 +238.8%
4Padjadjaran UniversityIndonesia 49.87.0%7.2×14 +97.3%
5IPB UniversityIndonesia 48.51.4%15.4×18 +44.8%
6Saveetha UniversityIndia 46.78.1%4.9×10 +561.9%
7Universitas Gadjah MadaIndonesia 45.65.9%6.6×14 +50.0%
8Universiti Teknologi MARAMalaysia 45.20.7%9.6×16 +45.2%
9Riau UniversityIndonesia 34.43.0%9.3×11 +67.5%
10Universidade Federal da ParaíbaBrazil 28.94.4%11.5×10 -36.3%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Pineapple and bromelain studies, country by country

Is Pineapple and bromelain studies research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 21% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Pineapple and bromelain studies.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Pineapple and bromelain studies as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.011% in 2024.

still counting0.0050%0.010%0.015%Pineapple and bromelain studies0.011% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Pineapple and bromelain studies over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Pineapple and bromelain studies11.0% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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