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Topic · Molecular Biology

RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms

RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms is a research topic within Molecular Biology. Science Explorer counts 109k research works in it since 1950. 9.8% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the structure of ribosomes, mechanisms of translation, RNA secondary structure prediction, genetic code expansion, codon usage, tRNA dynamics, and riboswitches. It explores the molecular mechanisms underlying protein synthesis and the role of RNA in regulating translation. The research also delves into the impact of ribosome structure on cellular processes and the potential applications in synthetic biology.

  • Ribosome
  • Translation
  • RNA Structure
  • Genetic Code
  • Codon Usage
  • tRNA
  • Riboswitches
  • Protein Synthesis
  • Secondary Structure Prediction
  • Metabolite Binding
Research works
109k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
11k
per year above
Top-10% rate
9.8%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
-1%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
United States
37% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms

Which countries lead RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms research?

By volume, the United States and China publish the most (3.7k and 2.6k works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 United States 3.7k works
  2. 2 China 2.6k works
  3. 3 Germany 735 works
  4. 4 India 605 works
  5. 5 Japan 568 works
  6. 6 United Kingdom 501 works
  7. 7 France 472 works
  8. 8 Canada 295 works
  9. 9 Russia 287 works
  10. 10 Italy 243 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

United States: 36.9%China: 26.1%Germany: 7.3%India: 6.0%6 others listed: 23.7%37%largest
United States3,688 · 36.9%China2,610 · 26.1%Germany735 · 7.3%India605 · 6.0%6 others listed2,368 · 23.7%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms research?

By volume in 2022-now, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique publishes the most RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms research, followed by Chinese Academy of Sciences and Russian Academy of Sciences.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 194 works
  2. 2 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 181 works
  3. 3 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 144 works
  4. 4 National Institutes of HealthUnited States 134 works
  5. 5 Harvard UniversityUnited States 126 works
  6. 6 Max Planck SocietyGermany 85 works
  7. 7 Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina 69 works
  8. 8 Peking UniversityChina 67 works
  9. 9 University of California San DiegoUnited States 65 works
  10. 10 Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 65 works

Who are the leading researchers in RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms?

The most-cited researchers publishing on RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms include Eric S. Lander, Yoshua Bengio and Rob Knight.

  1. 1 Eric S. Lander United States 524k citations
  2. 2 Yoshua Bengio Canada 476k citations
  3. 3 Rob Knight United States 468k citations
  4. 4 Ali H. Mokdad United States 429k citations
  5. 5 Richard M. Durbin United Kingdom 410k citations
  6. 6 Mark J. Daly United States 403k citations
  7. 7 Stacey L. Gabriel United States 402k citations
  8. 8 Peer Bork Germany 396k citations
  9. 9 Robert John Tibshirani United States 396k citations
  10. 10 Guido Kroemer France 386k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms?

The most cited paper in RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms is "Basic local alignment search tool" (Stephen F. Altschul, Warren R. Gish, Webb Miller et al., 1990), with 95,803 citations. Next come "Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs" (75,032) and "DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors" (69,512).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Basic local alignment search tool Stephen F. Altschul, Warren R. Gish, Webb Miller et al. · Journal of Molecular Biology Oct 1990 95,803
2 Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs Stephen F. Altschul · Nucleic Acids Research Open access Sep 1997 75,032
3 DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors Frederick Sanger, S. Nicklen, Alan R. Coulson · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Open access Dec 1977 69,512
4 CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice Julie Thompson, Desmond G. Higgins, Toby J. Gibson · Nucleic Acids Research Open access 1994 65,356
5 Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2 Ben Langmead, Steven L. Salzberg · Nature Methods Open access 4 Mar 2012 62,825
All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms research done?

The largest centres of RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Shanghai (China), Paris (France) and Tokyo (Japan). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Chevy Chase and Rehovot.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 466 works
  2. 2 ShanghaiChina 233 works
  3. 3 ParisFrance 230 works
  4. 4 TokyoJapan 185 works
  5. 5 New YorkUnited States 169 works
  6. 6 MoscowRussia 159 works
  7. 7 CambridgeUnited States 152 works
  8. 8 GuangzhouChina 148 works
  9. 9 WuhanChina 133 works
  10. 10 HangzhouChina 132 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. Chevy ChaseUS · 53.9 works49×
  2. RehovotIL · 27.8 works15×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms than the world average.

See RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms on the map

Where is the best place to study RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms?

Among universities, judged by research, Harvard University, Rockefeller University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology score highest, combining citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%mean 18.34%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Rockefeller UniversityMassachusetts Instit…Harvard UniversityWestlake University
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Harvard UniversityUnited States 80.519.1%3.7×126 -7.0%
2Rockefeller UniversityUnited States 73.623.7%36.8×24 +56.6%
3Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyUnited States 71.919.6%7.6×57 -12.7%
4Westlake UniversityChina 64.518.7%10.9×15 +220.3%
5Stanford UniversityUnited States 63.917.6%4.1×65 -22.4%
6Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences 63.323.4%67.5×12 -
7University of California San DiegoUnited States 62.611.6%6.3×65 +8.5%
8Princeton UniversityUnited States 62.617.3%5.5×26 +8.4%
9Peking UniversityChina 61.915.0%3.0×67 +13.6%
10University of ChicagoUnited States 61.117.4%4.1×38 +26.0%

Universities only. The score blends citation excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms, country by country

Is RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 1% lower than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2022.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.053% in 2024.

still counting0.10%0.20%0.30%RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms0.046% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms9.7% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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