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Indonesia vs Vietnam

On research quality in 2022-now, Indonesia ranks #65 in the world and Vietnam #66, of 189 countries. Indonesia stands higher in 6 of the 26 fields both publish in, Vietnam in 20.

Research profiles alike: 0.40similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Indonesia

World rank, 2022-now
#65
#66 all time
Works, 2022-now
1.6M
fractional
Top-10% rate
7.4%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
86%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Human Factors and Ergonomics, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Demography.

Vietnam

World rank, 2022-now
#66
#56 all time
Works, 2022-now
82k
fractional
Top-10% rate
7.3%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
55%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Ecology, Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, Civil and Structural Engineering.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Vietnam leads on 4 of 9 measures: citation excellence for its fields, citations per work, international co-authorship and growth. Indonesia leads on 3 of 9 measures: research quality, output and open access. The two are level on top-10% rate and institutions in the world top 100.

Indonesia 32 level4 Vietnam
  1. #65Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#66
  2. 0.48×Citation excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.60×
  3. 1.6MOutputfractional works, 2022-now82k
  4. 7.4%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited7.3%
  5. 2.6Citations per workall time, per fractional work10.1
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 86%Open accessof its works free to read, all time55%
  8. 4%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time29%
  9. +65%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+74%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, citation excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Indonesia stands higher in 6 of 26 fields, Vietnam in 20. Vietnam leads most in Medicine (#53 against #129); Indonesia leads most in Social Sciences (#27 against #58). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Indonesia 620 Vietnam
  1. #59Agricultural and Biological Sciences#76
  2. #53Arts and Humanities#71
  3. #96Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#70
  4. #33Business, Management and Accounting#38
  5. #41Chemical Engineering#38
  6. #60Chemistry#53
  7. #64Computer Science#51
  8. #64Decision Sciences#41
  9. #59Dentistry#51
  10. #62Earth and Planetary Sciences#57
  11. #59Economics, Econometrics and Finance#47
  12. #70Energy#48
  13. #87Engineering#48
  14. #74Environmental Science#46
  15. #51Health Professions#71
  16. #69Immunology and Microbiology#49
  17. #73Materials Science#53
  18. #67Mathematics#51
  19. #129Medicine#53
  20. #67Neuroscience#54
  21. #56Nursing#49
  22. #40Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics#37
  23. #63Physics and Astronomy#61
  24. #92Psychology#59
  25. #27Social Sciences#58
  26. #28Veterinary-

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Indonesia rankVietnam rank Indonesia top 10%Vietnam top 10% Indonesia worksVietnam works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #59 #76 6.7% 5.6% 125k 4.7k
Arts and Humanities #53 #71 7.9% 8.9% 36k 1.5k
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #96 #70 1.9% 4.6% 13k 3.1k
Business, Management and Accounting #33 #38 7.6% 12.6% 182k 4.8k
Chemical Engineering #41 #38 2.7% 6.5% 663 273
Chemistry #60 #53 2.4% 5.4% 4.6k 1.3k
Computer Science #64 #51 8.1% 7.4% 176k 8k
Decision Sciences #64 #41 2.8% 10.4% 11k 1.3k
Dentistry #59 #51 1.6% 9.7% 2.7k 253
Earth and Planetary Sciences #62 #57 2.4% 6.0% 7.4k 1k
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #59 #47 7.0% 10.5% 40k 3.3k
Energy #70 #48 2.6% 7.1% 3.4k 1k
Engineering #87 #48 3.5% 6.6% 75k 16k
Environmental Science #74 #46 6.3% 7.1% 55k 7.6k
Health Professions #51 #71 7.9% 7.8% 68k 1k
Immunology and Microbiology #69 #49 2.0% 6.1% 2.6k 555
Materials Science #73 #53 2.9% 4.9% 9k 3.5k
Mathematics #67 #51 7.9% 7.8% 16k 1.5k
Medicine #129 #53 5.2% 5.4% 95k 9.7k
Neuroscience #67 #54 1.9% 4.6% 2.5k 458
Nursing #56 #49 2.0% 6.2% 5.6k 337
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics #40 #37 3.1% 4.2% 2.8k 483
Physics and Astronomy #63 #61 3.7% 3.9% 1.6k 1k
Psychology #92 #59 5.0% 8.8% 31k 1.6k
Social Sciences #27 #58 8.8% 9.5% 613k 7.3k
Veterinary #28 - 3.2% - 313 -

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Indonesia

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Community Empowerment148k▲ 12×16 topics
  2. Social Media117k▲ 4.9×41 topics
  3. E-Learning112k▲ 6.7×27 topics
  4. Character Education108k▲ 13×6 topics
  5. Educational Technology107k▲ 5.2×48 topics
  6. Media Literacy106k▲ 12×6 topics
  7. Local Wisdom105k▲ 13×9 topics
  8. Indonesia97k▲ 13×5 topics
  9. Curriculum Development95k▲ 8.1×20 topics
  10. E-commerce94k▲ 9.6×11 topics
  11. Digital Literacy90k▲ 9.1×13 topics
  12. Education88k▲ 3.0×161 topics
  13. Financial Performance86k▲ 8.8×16 topics
  14. Digital Learning84k▲ 9.6×13 topics
  15. Sustainable Development84k▲ 3.1×113 topics
  16. COVID-1983k▲ 3.7×34 topics
  17. Qualitative Research83k▲ 5.6×45 topics
  18. Pandemic81k▲ 4.7×14 topics
  19. Online Learning80k▲ 5.6×27 topics
  20. Corporate Governance79k▲ 6.2×32 topics
  21. Economic Impact76k▲ 8.2×13 topics
  22. Islamic Banking71k▲ 11×3 topics
  23. Supply Chain Management65k▲ 4.2×27 topics
  24. SMEs64k▲ 11×5 topics
  25. Islamic Education64k▲ 11×4 topics
  26. STEM Education64k▲ 8.1×16 topics
  27. Digital Marketing63k▲ 9.4×6 topics
  28. UMKM62k▲ 13×1 topic
  29. Mobile Learning61k▲ 10×6 topics
  30. Health Education61k▲ 8.1×11 topics
  31. Information Technology53k▲ 6.4×32 topics
  32. Learning Outcomes52k▲ 7.2×9 topics
  33. Pandemic Response47k▲ 12×3 topics
  34. Information Literacy46k▲ 10×4 topics
  35. Reading Interest45k▲ 13×1 topic
  36. School Literacy Movement45k▲ 13×1 topic
  37. Customer Satisfaction45k▲ 8.1×10 topics
  38. Community Participation44k▲ 7.2×19 topics
  39. Public Health Policy42k▲ 9.3×4 topics
  40. Breastfeeding42k▲ 11×3 topics

Vietnam

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Deep Learning4,809▲ 1.44×85 topics
  2. Risk Assessment3,823▲ 6.0×29 topics
  3. Machine Learning3,748▲ 1.16×96 topics
  4. GIS-based Evaluation3,304▲ 105×2 topics
  5. Fuzzy Mathematics3,282▲ 162×1 topic
  6. Set Pair Analysis3,282▲ 162×1 topic
  7. Environmental Impact2,725▲ 1.65×71 topics
  8. Epidemiology2,604▼ 0.68×138 topics
  9. Sustainability2,540◆ 1.08×124 topics
  10. Climate Change2,333◆ 0.89×119 topics
  11. Neural Networks2,310▲ 1.55×41 topics
  12. Economic Growth1,925▲ 2.4×36 topics
  13. Renewable Energy1,924▲ 1.38×58 topics
  14. Globalization1,892◆ 1.00×152 topics
  15. Nanomaterials1,645▲ 1.63×21 topics
  16. Antioxidant1,581▲ 2.4×51 topics
  17. History1,473▲ 2.2×53 topics
  18. Biomedical Applications1,456▲ 1.27×36 topics
  19. Identity1,451▲ 2.1×64 topics
  20. Religion1,430▲ 3.2×38 topics
  21. Vietnam1,369▲ 35×2 topics
  22. Culture1,363▲ 2.7×37 topics
  23. Gender1,352▲ 2.6×52 topics
  24. Colonialism1,347▲ 2.9×41 topics
  25. Politics1,301▲ 5.1×21 topics
  26. Society1,296▲ 7.0×20 topics
  27. Economy1,273▲ 18×7 topics
  28. Convolutional Neural Networks1,239▲ 1.76×14 topics
  29. Consumer Behavior1,143▲ 1.90×19 topics
  30. Higher Education1,077▲ 2.1×30 topics
  31. Anti-inflammatory1,041▲ 3.8×29 topics
  32. Environmental Management989▲ 2.5×23 topics
  33. Medicinal Plants980▲ 2.6×20 topics
  34. Infrastructure912▲ 8.0×8 topics
  35. Monitoring790▲ 9.0×5 topics
  36. Laser Scanning643▲ 32×2 topics
  37. Geodetic639▲ 83×1 topic
  38. Leveling639▲ 83×1 topic
  39. Second Language Acquisition571▲ 6.4×3 topics
  40. Corrective Feedback531▲ 7.4×1 topic

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Indonesia has out-published Vietnam every year since 1991, when it overtook it.

still counting200k400k600kIndonesia417k in 2025Vietnam26k in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting5.0%10%Indonesia7.1% in 2025Vietnam0.44% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Vietnam7.4% in 2025Indonesia7.0% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Indonesia 32 level0 Vietnam
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 1In the top 5000
  4. 14In the top 1,0000
  5. #19Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Indonesia or Vietnam?

Indonesia publishes 19.3× as much research as Vietnam in 2022-now (1.6M against 82k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Indonesia or Vietnam?

7.4% of Indonesia's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 7.3% for Vietnam.

Is Indonesia or Vietnam growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +74% against 2018-21 for Vietnam, and +65% for Indonesia.

Which has more open access research, Indonesia or Vietnam?

86% of Indonesia's research is free to read, against 55% of Vietnam's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Indonesia or Vietnam?

Indonesia holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Vietnam 0; in the top 1,000 it is 14 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Indonesia

  1. 1Institut Agama Islam Negeri Bengkulu8.9% top 10% · 29k works
  2. 2Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara8.2% top 10% · 21k works
  3. 3Institut Sains dan Teknologi Terpadu Surabaya7.0% top 10% · 5.7k works
  4. 4Universitas Patria Artha7.2% top 10% · 16k works
  5. 5Indonesia University of Education10.9% top 10% · 21k works
  6. 6State University of Padang8.1% top 10% · 22k works

Vietnam

  1. 1University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City17.0% top 10% · 1.6k works
  2. 2FPT University10.5% top 10% · 1.7k works
  3. 3National Economics University15.8% top 10% · 1.2k works
  4. 4Phenikaa University9.7% top 10% · 1k works
  5. 5Duy Tan University14.0% top 10% · 1.3k works
  6. 6Ho Chi Minh City Open University15.5% top 10% · 857 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Indonesia

  1. 1 Dian Palupi Kusuma #10,218 worldwide 82k citations · 164 works
  2. 2 Sven Wunder #14,885 worldwide 26k citations · 307 works
  3. 3 Opan Arifudin #18,342 worldwide 4.1k citations · 70 works
  4. 4 Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum #20,874 worldwide 95k citations · 117 works
  5. 5 David Gaveau #22,682 worldwide 8.7k citations · 115 works

Vietnam

  1. 1 Xuan Vinh Vo #1,005 worldwide 17k citations · 382 works
  2. 2 Arivalagan Pugazhendhi #1,857 worldwide 47k citations · 692 works
  3. 3 Dinh‐Toi Chu #3,275 worldwide 128k citations · 334 works
  4. 4 Bach Xuan Tran #5,523 worldwide 263k citations · 504 works
  5. 5 Anh Tuan Hoang #8,950 worldwide 26k citations · 465 works