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Topic · Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus

Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus is a research topic within Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience. Science Explorer counts 35k research works in it since 1950. 9.9% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers explores the mechanisms and pathways involved in the clearance of waste products and metabolites from the brain, including the role of the glymphatic system, cerebrospinal fluid dynamics, lymphatic drainage, and the impact on neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and hydrocephalus. It also delves into the structural and functional features of perivascular pathways, choroid plexus biology, and the implications for brain aging.

  • Glymphatic System
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Lymphatic Drainage
  • Brain Waste Clearance
  • Perivascular Pathways
  • Choroid Plexus
  • CSF Flow
  • Neurological Disorders
  • Hydrocephalus
  • Brain Aging
Research works
35k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
3.5k
per year above
Top-10% rate
9.9%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+23%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
United States
36% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus

Which countries lead Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus research?

By volume, the United States and China publish the most (1.9k and 1.1k works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 United States 1.9k works
  2. 2 China 1.1k works
  3. 3 Japan 486 works
  4. 4 India 411 works
  5. 5 United Kingdom 299 works
  6. 6 Germany 292 works
  7. 7 Italy 271 works
  8. 8 Türkiye 231 works
  9. 9 South Korea 198 works
  10. 10 Brazil 177 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

United States: 35.7%China: 20.1%Japan: 9.1%India: 7.7%6 others listed: 27.4%36%largest
United States1,910 · 35.7%China1,074 · 20.1%Japan486 · 9.1%India411 · 7.7%6 others listed1,468 · 27.4%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus research?

By volume in 2022-now, Harvard University publishes the most Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus research, followed by Capital Medical University and Neurological Surgery.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Harvard UniversityUnited States 81 works
  2. 2 Capital Medical UniversityChina 65 works
  3. 3 Neurological SurgeryUnited States 59 works
  4. 4 Mayo ClinicUnited States 59 works
  5. 5 All India Institute of Medical SciencesIndia 48 works
  6. 6 University College LondonUnited Kingdom 48 works
  7. 7 Johns Hopkins UniversityUnited States 43 works
  8. 8 Zhejiang UniversityChina 37 works
  9. 9 Fudan UniversityChina 35 works
  10. 10 University of TorontoCanada 35 works

Who are the leading researchers in Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus include Jost Bruno Jonas, Emelia J. Benjamin and Valery L. Feigin.

  1. 1 Jost Bruno Jonas Germany 350k citations
  2. 2 Emelia J. Benjamin United States 341k citations
  3. 3 Valery L. Feigin New Zealand 341k citations
  4. 4 Jun Wang China 340k citations
  5. 5 Stephan Windecker Switzerland 338k citations
  6. 6 Giuseppe Remuzzi Italy 328k citations
  7. 7 Graeme J. Hankey Australia 316k citations
  8. 8 Gregory Y.H. Lip United Kingdom 311k citations
  9. 9 Róbert Langer United States 303k citations
  10. 10 John Q. Trojanowski United States 286k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus?

The most cited paper in Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus is "A Paravascular Pathway Facilitates CSF Flow Through the Brain Parenchyma and the Clearance of Interstitial Solutes, Including Amyloid β" (Jeffrey J. Iliff, Minghuan Wang, Yonghong Liao et al., 2012), with 5,906 citations. Next come "Structural and functional features of central nervous system lymphatic vessels" (4,467) and "International subarachnoid aneurysm trial (ISAT) of neurosurgical clipping versus endovascular coiling in 2143 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms: a randomised comparison of effects on survival, dependency, seizures, rebleeding, subgroups, and aneurysm occlusion" (2,887).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 A Paravascular Pathway Facilitates CSF Flow Through the Brain Parenchyma and the Clearance of Interstitial Solutes, Including Amyloid β Jeffrey J. Iliff, Minghuan Wang, Yonghong Liao et al. · Science Translational Medicine Open access 15 Aug 2012 5,906
2 Structural and functional features of central nervous system lymphatic vessels Antoine Louveau, Igor Smirnov, Timothy Keyes et al. · Nature Open access 29 May 2015 4,467
3 International subarachnoid aneurysm trial (ISAT) of neurosurgical clipping versus endovascular coiling in 2143 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms: a randomised comparison of effects on survival, dependency, seizures, rebleeding, subgroups, and aneurysm occlusion Andrew Molyneux, Richard S. C. Kerr, Ly‐Mee Yu et al. · The Lancet Sep 2005 2,887
4 Amyloid β deposition, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline in sporadic Alzheimer's disease: a prospective cohort study Victor L. Villemagne, Samantha C. Burnham, Pierrick Bourgeat et al. · The Lancet Neurology 8 Mar 2013 2,340
5 A dural lymphatic vascular system that drains brain interstitial fluid and macromolecules Aleksanteri Aspelund, Salli Antila, Steven T. Proulx et al. · The Journal of Experimental Medicine Open access 15 Jun 2015 2,233
All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus research done?

The largest centres of Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Tokyo (Japan), London (United Kingdom) and Shanghai (China). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Rockville Centre, Phoenix and Rochester.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 163 works
  2. 2 TokyoJapan 116 works
  3. 3 LondonUnited Kingdom 105 works
  4. 4 ShanghaiChina 98 works
  5. 5 SeoulSouth Korea 96 works
  6. 6 IstanbulTürkiye 79 works
  7. 7 BostonUnited States 76 works
  8. 8 New YorkUnited States 74 works
  9. 9 ParisFrance 69 works
  10. 10 Los AngelesUnited States 60 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. Rockville CentreUS · 59.3 works57×
  2. PhoenixUS · 20.9 works8.8×
  3. RochesterUS · 22.8 works7.7×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus than the world average.

See Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus on the map

Where is the best place to study Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus?

Among universities, judged by research, Harvard University, University of Rochester and University of Copenhagen score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 21.95%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →University of Roches…Zhejiang UniversityUniversity of Copenh…Harvard University
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Harvard UniversityUnited States 75.316.7%3.9×81 +27.1%
2University of RochesterUnited States 73.432.2%6.9×20 +66.1%
3University of CopenhagenDenmark 72.825.2%4.4×27 +69.4%
4Zhejiang UniversityChina 71.329.5%2.1×37 +88.9%
5University of OsloNorway 68.628.0%4.9×20 +14.7%
6Washington University in St. LouisUnited States 67.427.3%4.8×23 +62.0%
7University College LondonUnited Kingdom 63.79.3%4.6×48 +15.5%
8Capital Medical UniversityChina 62.512.8%9.2×65 +73.0%
9Johns Hopkins UniversityUnited States 61.512.9%4.3×43 +23.7%
10Nanjing Medical UniversityChina 60.925.6%3.6×21 +153.5%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus, country by country

Is Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 23% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.029% in 2024.

still counting0.020%0.040%0.060%Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus0.033% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus9.8% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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