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Company · West Lafayette · United States

M4 Sciences (United States)

m4sciences.comROR OpenAlex
Research works
72
▲ 151% vs 2018-21
Citations
1.6k
22.7 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
11.2%
all institutions 10.0%
Open access
31%
world 40%
International
22%
world 18%
M4 Sciences (United States)

Not ranked overall: M4 Sciences (United States) is under the volume floor below which an excellence rate is noise. Not ranked is not the same as ranked last.

Which fields of science does M4 Sciences (United States) work in?

In all years, 53% of research at M4 Sciences (United States) is in Physical Sciences, 22% in Health Sciences. Its largest fields are Engineering (29%), Medicine (19%), Agricultural and Biological Sciences (9%). It does 1.3× the world's share of Physical Sciences.

Physical Sciences: 38 fractional works · 52.5% of its workEngineering: 21 fractional works · 28.5% of its workMechanical Engineering: 5 fractional works · 7.3% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 5 fractional works · 7.1% of its workMechanics of Materials: 2 fractional works · 3.2% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 2 fractional works · 2.7% of its workAerospace Engineering: 1 fractional works · 1.4% of its workCivil and Structural Engineering: 1 fractional works · 1.4% of its workComputational Mechanics: 1 fractional works · 1.2% of its workControl and Systems Engineering: 1 fractional works · 1.2% of its workAutomotive Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workSafety, Risk, Reliability and Quality: 0 fractional works · 0.7% of its workMedia Technology: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workOcean Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workArchitecture: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEnvironmental Science: 4 fractional works · 6.2% of its workEcology: 1 fractional works · 1.7% of its workHealth, Toxicology and Mutagenesis: 1 fractional works · 1.2% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workEcological Modeling: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workPollution: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEnvironmental Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workWater Science and Technology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNature and Landscape Conservation: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEnvironmental Chemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workComputer Science: 4 fractional works · 6.1% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 2 fractional works · 2.5% of its workComputational Theory and Mathematics: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workComputer Science Applications: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workInformation Systems: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workMaterials Science: 4 fractional works · 5.4% of its workMaterials Chemistry: 3 fractional works · 3.6% of its workPolymers and Plastics: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workBiomaterials: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workElectronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 1 fractional works · 2.0% of its workGeophysics: 0 fractional works · 0.7% of its workEarth-Surface Processes: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workAtmospheric Science: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workOceanography: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 1 fractional works · 1.5% of its workAtomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workStatistical and Nonlinear Physics: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workChemistry: 1 fractional works · 1.2% of its workInorganic Chemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workOrganic Chemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workChemical Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workProcess Chemistry and Technology: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workBioengineering: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workMathematics: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workStatistics and Probability: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEnergy: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workHealth Sciences: 16 fractional works · 22.1% of its workMedicine: 13 fractional works · 18.7% of its workSurgery: 2 fractional works · 3.4% of its workCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine: 2 fractional works · 2.2% of its workEndocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism: 1 fractional works · 1.8% of its workRadiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging: 1 fractional works · 1.3% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workPhysiology: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workOncology: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workPulmonary and Respiratory Medicine: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workRheumatology: 0 fractional works · 0.7% of its workPharmacology: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEpidemiology: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workImmunology and Allergy: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPsychiatry and Mental health: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workGenetics: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNeurology: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNephrology: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPathology and Forensic Medicine: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEmergency Medicine: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workOrthopedics and Sports Medicine: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workBiochemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workDermatology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workInfectious Diseases: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workOtorhinolaryngology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workHealth Professions: 1 fractional works · 1.6% of its workEmergency Medical Services: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 0 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workVeterinary: 1 fractional works · 1.2% of its workSmall Animals: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workEquine: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workNursing: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workNutrition and Dietetics: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workLife Sciences: 14 fractional works · 18.8% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 6 fractional works · 8.6% of its workPlant Science: 4 fractional works · 5.0% of its workAnimal Science and Zoology: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workEcology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workInsect Science: 0 fractional works · 0.7% of its workFood Science: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSoil Science: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 6 fractional works · 8.0% of its workMolecular Biology: 4 fractional works · 5.3% of its workCell Biology: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workEndocrinology: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workCancer Research: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workClinical Biochemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.7% of its workNeuroscience: 1 fractional works · 1.2% of its workCellular and Molecular Neuroscience: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEndocrine and Autonomic Systems: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 1 fractional works · 1.1% of its workImmunology: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workApplied Microbiology and Biotechnology: 0 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workSocial Sciences: 5 fractional works · 6.5% of its workSocial Sciences: 2 fractional works · 2.1% of its workSociology and Political Science: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workEducation: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workGender Studies: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workAnthropology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workLibrary and Information Sciences: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workArts and Humanities: 1 fractional works · 1.8% of its workLiterature and Literary Theory: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workHistory: 0 fractional works · 0.7% of its workPhilosophy: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workDecision Sciences: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workManagement Science and Operations Research: 0 fractional works · 0.6% of its workStatistics, Probability and Uncertainty: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPsychology: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workExperimental and Cognitive Psychology: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSocial Psychology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 0 fractional works · 0.7% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workFinance: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workALL ITS WORKM4 Sciences(United States)72fractional works, all years
Life Sciences19%Physical Sciences53%Health Sciences22%Social Sciences7%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in all years. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 24 fields, with their numbers
    1. Engineering2128.5%
    2. Environmental Science46.2%
    3. Computer Science46.1%
    4. Materials Science45.4%
    5. Earth and Planetary Sciences12.0%
    6. Physics and Astronomy11.5%
    7. Chemistry11.2%
    8. Chemical Engineering10.8%
    9. Mathematics00.5%
    10. Energy00.2%
    1. Medicine1318.7%
    2. Health Professions11.6%
    3. Veterinary11.2%
    4. Nursing00.6%
    1. Agricultural and Biological Sciences68.6%
    2. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology68.0%
    3. Neuroscience11.2%
    4. Immunology and Microbiology11.1%
    1. Social Sciences22.1%
    2. Arts and Humanities11.8%
    3. Decision Sciences11.0%
    4. Psychology10.8%
    5. Economics, Econometrics and Finance00.7%
    6. Business, Management and Accounting00.2%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 1.54× its world share, 1 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 1.36× its world share, 1 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 3.70× its world share, 1 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 0.42× its world share, 0 worksNeuroscienceChemical Engineering: 1.64× its world share, 0 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 1.10× its world share, 0 worksChemistryComputer Science: 1.28× its world share, 2 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0.27× its world share, 0 worksEarth and Planetary …Engineering: 2.20× its world share, 6 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.63× its world share, 1 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 1.48× its world share, 1 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 1.46× its world share, 0 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 0.31× its world share, 0 worksPhysics and AstronomyHealth Professions: 0.33× its world share, 0 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 1.05× its world share, 4 worksMedicineNursing: 0.59× its world share, 0 worksNursingBusiness, Management and Accounting: 0.18× its world share, 0 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 1.19× its world share, 0 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 0.07× its world share, 0 worksEconomics, Econometr…Social Sciences: 0.11× its world share, 0 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Immunology and Microbiology, 3.7×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 20 fields, with their numbers
  1. Immunology and Microbiology3.70×1 works
  2. Engineering2.20×6 works
  3. Chemical Engineering1.64×0 works
  4. Agricultural and Biological Sciences1.54×1 works
  5. Materials Science1.48×1 works
  6. Mathematics1.46×0 works
  7. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology1.36×1 works
  8. Computer Science1.28×2 works
  9. Decision Sciences1.19×0 works
  10. Chemistry1.10×0 works
  11. Medicine1.05×4 works
  12. Environmental Science0.63×1 works
  13. Nursing0.59×0 works
  14. Neuroscience0.42×0 works
  15. Health Professions0.33×0 works
  16. Physics and Astronomy0.31×0 works
  17. Earth and Planetary Sciences0.27×0 works
  18. Business, Management and Accounting0.18×0 works
  19. Social Sciences0.11×0 works
  20. Economics, Econometrics and Finance0.07×0 works

What are the most cited papers from M4 Sciences (United States)?

The most cited paper from M4 Sciences (United States) is "The specificity of proanthocyanidin-protein interactions." (Ann E Hagerman, L. G. Butler, 1981), with 1,003 citations. Next come "Close Split of Sorghum and Maize Genome Progenitors" (486) and "Hypertension Pharmacological Treatment in Adults: A World Health Organization Guideline Executive Summary" (381).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 The specificity of proanthocyanidin-protein interactions. Ann E Hagerman, L. G. Butler · Journal of Biological Chemistry Open access May 1981 1,003
2 Close Split of Sorghum and Maize Genome Progenitors Zuzana Swigoňová, Jinsheng Lai, Jianxin Ma et al. · Genome Research Open access Oct 2004 486
3 Hypertension Pharmacological Treatment in Adults: A World Health Organization Guideline Executive Summary Akram Al-Makki et al. · Hypertension Open access 15 Nov 2021 381
4 Comparison of Extraction Methods for the Rapid Determination of Essential Oil Content and Composition of Basil Denys J. Charles, James Edward Simon · Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science Open access May 1990 244
5 Crystal structures of Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus casei dihydrofolate reductase refined at 1.7 A resolution. II. Environment of bound NADPH and implications for catalysis. David J. Filman, J.T. Bolin, David A. Matthews et al. · Journal of Biological Chemistry Open access Nov 1982 232
All 60 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at M4 Sciences (United States)?

By fractional works in all years, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Tool Wear, Surface Roughness, Composite Materials, Chemical Mechanical Planarization, Material Removal Mechanism, Machining, Surface Integrity and Epidemiology.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in all years in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 39 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 39 words, with their numbers
  1. Tool Wear5▲ 48×3 topics
  2. Epidemiology4▲ 1.21×19 topics
  3. Surface Roughness3▲ 33×3 topics
  4. Composite Materials3▲ 17×2 topics
  5. Chemical Mechanical Planarization2▲ 59×1 topic
  6. Material Removal Mechanism2▲ 59×1 topic
  7. Climate Change2▲ 1.21×13 topics
  8. Machining2▲ 59×1 topic
  9. Surface Integrity2▲ 59×1 topic
  10. Machine Learning2▲ 1.26×12 topics
  11. Oxidative Stress2▲ 1.52×11 topics
  12. Deep Learning2◆ 1.13×11 topics
  13. Mechanical Properties2▲ 2.3×8 topics
  14. Nanoparticles2▲ 1.70×9 topics
  15. Optimization2▲ 3.7×3 topics
  16. Genetics1▲ 2.5×6 topics
  17. Biosensors1▲ 3.0×6 topics
  18. Cardiovascular Disease1▲ 1.63×6 topics
  19. Heart Failure1▲ 4.0×5 topics
  20. Inflammation1▼ 0.77×13 topics
  21. Diabetes1▲ 3.1×4 topics
  22. Echocardiography1▲ 6.2×3 topics
  23. Environmental Impact1▲ 1.26×10 topics
  24. Process Parameters1▲ 25×3 topics
  25. Treatment1▲ 1.25×6 topics
  26. Diagnosis1▲ 1.44×5 topics
  27. Heat Transfer1▲ 2.9×4 topics
  28. Management1▲ 2.0×6 topics
  29. Micromachining1▲ 31×2 topics
  30. Nanocomposites1▲ 1.92×6 topics
  31. Taguchi Method1▲ 29×2 topics
  32. Antioxidant1▲ 2.1×4 topics
  33. Cancer1◆ 1.01×7 topics
  34. Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy1▲ 31×1 topic
  35. Electrical Discharge Machining1▲ 67×1 topic
  36. Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator1▲ 31×1 topic
  37. Neuroprotection1▲ 3.8×5 topics
  38. Volatile Organic Compounds1▲ 12×2 topics
  39. Wire EDM1▲ 67×1 topic

Which research topics does M4 Sciences (United States) publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies, Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies, Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques and Advanced machining processes and optimization.

Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies: 1 fractional worksSpacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies: 1 fractional worksAdvanced Surface Polishi…0Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques: 0 fractional worksAdvanced machining proce…0Advanced machining processes and optimization: 0 fractional worksNatural Antidiabetic Agents Studies: 0 fractional worksBiochemical effects in animals: 0 fractional worksMachine Learning in Mate…0Machine Learning in Materials Science: 0 fractional worksMetabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer: 0 fractional worksTannin, Tannase and Anticancer Activities: 0 fractional worksQuantum Computing Algori…0Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture: 0 fractional works
Mechanical EngineeringAerospace EngineeringBiomedical EngineeringEndocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism5 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies Mechanical Engineering 1 works
  2. 2 Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies Aerospace Engineering 1 works
  3. 3 Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques Biomedical Engineering 0 works
  4. 4 Advanced machining processes and optimization Mechanical Engineering 0 works
  5. 5 Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism 0 works
  6. 6 Biochemical effects in animals Physiology 0 works
  7. 7 Machine Learning in Materials Science Materials Chemistry 0 works
  8. 8 Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer Molecular Biology 0 works
  9. 9 Tannin, Tannase and Anticancer Activities Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 0 works
  10. 10 Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture Artificial Intelligence 0 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available30.6%not open69.4%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors21.7%domestic only78.3%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has M4 Sciences (United States)'s research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 151% higher than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is M4 Sciences (United States) as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.000081% in 2024.

still counting0.00020%0.00040%0.00060%M4 Sciences (United States)0.00011% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of M4 Sciences (United States) over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

Other research institutions in West Lafayette

All research institutions in West Lafayette

Research measures only: rankings here say nothing about teaching, admissions or student experience. Comparable institutions and collaboration partners have tabs of their own, above.

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