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Topic · Molecular Biology

S100 Proteins and Annexins

S100 Proteins and Annexins is a research topic within Molecular Biology. Science Explorer counts 27k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the structure, function, and pathology of S100 proteins, a multigenic family of calcium-modulated proteins with roles in inflammation, neurodegeneration, cancer biomarkers, traumatic brain injury, innate immunity, glial fibrillary acidic protein, metastasis, and phagocytes.

  • S100 Proteins
  • Inflammation
  • Calcium Modulated Proteins
  • Neurodegeneration
  • Cancer Biomarkers
  • Traumatic Brain Injury
  • Innate Immunity
  • Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
  • Metastasis
  • Phagocytes
Research works
27k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
2.7k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.0%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+10%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
40% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
S100 Proteins and Annexins

Which countries lead S100 Proteins and Annexins research?

By volume, China and the United States publish the most (1.4k and 904 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 1.4k works
  2. 2 United States 904 works
  3. 3 Germany 202 works
  4. 4 United Kingdom 155 works
  5. 5 India 153 works
  6. 6 Japan 150 works
  7. 7 Russia 144 works
  8. 8 Italy 124 works
  9. 9 Spain 98 works
  10. 10 Canada 97 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 40.3%United States: 26.6%Germany: 5.9%United Kingdom: 4.6%6 others listed: 22.6%40%largest
China1,370 · 40.3%United States904 · 26.6%Germany202 · 5.9%United Kingdom155 · 4.6%6 others listed766 · 22.6%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead S100 Proteins and Annexins research?

By volume in 2022-now, Capital Medical University publishes the most S100 Proteins and Annexins research, followed by Harvard University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Capital Medical UniversityChina 41 works
  2. 2 Harvard UniversityUnited States 35 works
  3. 3 Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 33 works
  4. 4 Nanjing Medical UniversityChina 32 works
  5. 5 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 32 works
  6. 6 Zhejiang UniversityChina 26 works
  7. 7 Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina 24 works
  8. 8 Fudan UniversityChina 24 works
  9. 9 Soochow UniversityChina 23 works
  10. 10 Central South UniversityChina 23 works

Who are the leading researchers in S100 Proteins and Annexins?

The most-cited researchers publishing on S100 Proteins and Annexins include Guido Kroemer, John J.V. McMurray and Hermann Brenner.

  1. 1 Guido Kroemer France 386k citations
  2. 2 John J.V. McMurray United Kingdom 349k citations
  3. 3 Hermann Brenner Germany 343k citations
  4. 4 Shizuo Akira Japan 342k citations
  5. 5 Emelia J. Benjamin United States 341k citations
  6. 6 Valery L. Feigin New Zealand 341k citations
  7. 7 Graeme J. Hankey Australia 316k citations
  8. 8 Gregory Y.H. Lip United Kingdom 311k citations
  9. 9 Matthias Mann Germany 308k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in S100 Proteins and Annexins?

The most cited paper in S100 Proteins and Annexins is "Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment." (Harold P. Adams, Birgitte H. Bendixen, L. Jaap Kappelle et al., 1993), with 12,468 citations. Next come "Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients." (6,579) and "Astrocyte–endothelial interactions at the blood–brain barrier" (5,649).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment. Harold P. Adams, Birgitte H. Bendixen, L. Jaap Kappelle et al. · Stroke Open access 1993 12,468
2 Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients. John Cornelis Van Swieten, Peter J. Koudstaal, Marieke C H de Visser et al. · Stroke Open access May 1988 6,579
3 Astrocyte–endothelial interactions at the blood–brain barrier N. Joan Abbott, Lars Rönnbäck, Elisabeth Hansson · Nature reviews. Neuroscience Review 21 Dec 2005 5,649
4 Classification of primary progressive aphasia and its variants Maria‐Luisa Gorno‐Tempini, Argye Elizabeth Hillis, Sandra Weıntraub et al. · Neurology Open access 16 Feb 2011 5,238
5 Reactive Oxygen Species in Inflammation and Tissue Injury Manish Mittal, Mohammad R. Siddiqui, Khiem A. Tran et al. · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling Open access 2 Sep 2013 4,933
All 99 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is S100 Proteins and Annexins research done?

The largest centres of S100 Proteins and Annexins research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Shanghai (China), Guangzhou (China) and Moscow (Russia). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Gothenburg and Bethesda.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 148 works
  2. 2 ShanghaiChina 106 works
  3. 3 GuangzhouChina 74 works
  4. 4 MoscowRussia 63 works
  5. 5 NanjingChina 57 works
  6. 6 LondonUnited Kingdom 54 works
  7. 7 WuhanChina 53 works
  8. 8 HangzhouChina 51 works
  9. 9 SeoulSouth Korea 42 works
  10. 10 ParisFrance 40 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. GothenburgSE · 23.0 works6.0×
  2. BethesdaUS · 25.7 works4.7×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in S100 Proteins and Annexins than the world average.

See S100 Proteins and Annexins on the map

Where is the best place to study S100 Proteins and Annexins?

Among universities, judged by research, Harvard University, University of Gothenburg and Capital Medical University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%30%mean 17.31%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Sichuan UniversityUniversity of Gothen…Harvard UniversityCapital Medical Univ…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Harvard UniversityUnited States 76.815.8%2.7×35 -2.6%
2University of GothenburgSweden 71.316.0%11.5×22 +28.8%
3Capital Medical UniversityChina 69.013.4%9.6×41 +92.0%
4Sichuan UniversityChina 64.519.5%2.5×23 +53.4%
5University College LondonUnited Kingdom 63.315.4%2.6×17 +49.6%
6Nanjing Medical UniversityChina 62.314.1%9.0×32 +12.1%
7Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChina 61.716.9%4.8×20 +48.5%
8Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina 60.116.4%2.9×24 +12.5%
9Jilin UniversityChina 59.427.7%2.3×10 +65.8%
10Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyChina 57.517.9%2.7×20 +71.9%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in S100 Proteins and Annexins, country by country

Is S100 Proteins and Annexins research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 10% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are S100 Proteins and Annexins.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is S100 Proteins and Annexins as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.018% in 2024.

still counting0.020%0.040%0.060%S100 Proteins and Annexins0.020% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of S100 Proteins and Annexins over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%S100 Proteins and Annexins10.0% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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